WHAT DOES THE FEDERAL RESERVE DO ANYWAY?

With the economy in the news every day, more attention is being focused on the Federal Reserve than ever before. Let's look at some of the facts, and understand exactly what they do and how they do it.

The Federal Reserve System was created on December 23, 1913 by President Woodrow Wilson to act as the central bank of the United States. It was created to provide the nation with a safer, more flexible, and more stable monetary, banking and financial system.

The Federal Reserve System is made up of twelve Federal Reserve Banks, overseen by the Board of Governors. The Board of Governors is located in Washington DC and is comprised of just seven members, who are appointed by the President and confirmed by the Senate. The full term of each member of the Board of Governors is 14 years, and the appointments are staggered such that one term expires on each even-numbered year. This system ensures that "fresh blood" will be brought to the Board every two years. When your term is up as a Board Governor, you are done, and cannot be reappointed. But if a member leaves the Board before his or her term expires, the person appointed to fill the remainder of the term can be reappointed for another full term. The terms for the Chairman and Vice Chairman are four years, but may be reappointed for additional four-year terms. The current Chairman, Ben Bernanke, and Vice Chairman Donald Kohn lead the Board of Governors.

So What Does the Fed Do on a Daily Basis?
The main responsibilities of the Fed include:

* Researching US national and regional economies
* Providing financial services to depository institutions, the US government, and foreign official institutions
* Supervising and regulating banking institutions to ensure the safety of the nation's financial system and protect the credit rights of consumers
* Conducting the nation's monetary policy by influencing the monetary and credit conditions in the economy (i.e. hiking or cutting the Fed Funds Rate, as they did recently) in pursuit of maximum employment, stable prices, and moderate long-term interest rates
* Communicating information about the economy via publications, speeches, seminars and websites

But the communication method that typically grabs the attention of most individuals is the statement given by Federal Chairman Ben Bernanke, following the eight formal meetings that take place about every six weeks throughout the year. At these meetings, the Fed has the opportunity to make changes to the Federal Funds Rate, and make their decision by reviewing economic and financial conditions. They can also make adjustments to the Fed Funds Rate outside of these meetings, but rarely do so because they don't want to deliver a surprise that could rattle the financial markets.

Overall, the Fed's main responsibility is to keep the economy growing at a steady pace by keeping inflation stable and rates moderate. When inflation is low and stable, businesses and households can spend, knowing that their purchasing power can remain strong.

Teaching Moment for Children...

While you're watching the news on television or listening to it on your car's radio, your kids can probably hear--but not completely understand--the news too. That means now's a perfect time to turn the current economic news into a lesson on money and finances. One terrific website can be found at www.federalreserve.gov/kids, which gives a very simple overview of the Fed and what they do, including a great definition of inflation that any small child can understand.

www.mortgageguide.com

P.S. I am sure this is more than you ever wanted to know.

Current Situation

Many people are taking advantage of the low interest
rates to lower their housing expense. History has
shown that this can be a great stimulus for the
economy. The savings are for many years and give
the consumers (that's is us) money to put back in the
economy.

The next step is for the folks who want to
move to a different home or buy that first home to step
up. If a persons job is secure, I believe the timing
could not be better to make that step.

If you would like to take the first step give me a call at 777-HOME
(4663) or e-mail me at : george.margrave@migonline.com

An Optimist

"AN OPTIMIST STAYS UP UNTIL MIDNIGHT TO SEE THE NEW YEAR IN. A PESSIMIST STAYS UP TO MAKE SURE THE OLD YEAR LEAVES." Bill Vaughan. 2008 turned out to be a historic year on many counts, and optimists and pessimists alike were glad to close the books and say goodbye to the old year. In observance of the New Year's holiday, the Bond market closed early last Wednesday and was closed all day Thursday, but there was still plenty of time for volatility due to several noteworthy news items. With a great deal of midweek activity, Bond pricing ended the week slightly worse with home loan rates about .125% higher than where they began.

Early last week, a renewal of military conflict between Hamas in Palestinian Gaza and Israel sent crude oil jumping higher on concerns of supply disruption, causing volatile activity in both Stocks and Bonds. The strife in the region continues, and may cause more movement in the financial markets over the coming weeks.

GMAC received a $6 Billion lifeline from the Treasury to help stave off a bankruptcy protection filing or complete shutdown. This would have spelled big trouble for GM, as GMAC helps to finance purchases of most GM vehicles. This assistance is part of a larger effort to help aid the troubled auto industry, and GMAC announced that they will immediately resume financing to a wider range of car buyers. Stocks moved higher on the good news, which pulled a bit of money out of Bonds and caused home loan rates to rise.

NOTE: Stocks have made some nice moves higher of late, breaking above a key line in the sand at their own 50-day Moving Average. And with a great deal of cash on the sidelines waiting to be put back to work, as well as retirement money getting ready to be invested before tax time, this could spell better days ahead for Stocks. While money flowing into Stocks can sometimes pull money from Bonds and cause home loan rates to rise, the Fed has said they will be doing some buying of Mortgage Bonds, which could help home loan rates weather the storm much better than they have in the past.

In economic report news, the Chicago Purchasing Managers Index - which measures manufacturing activity - came in at 34.1, very close to estimates of 33.0. But Consumer Confidence somewhat unsurprisingly missed advance expectations of 45.5, arriving at a dismal, record low of 38.0. Just by way of perspective, last year at this time, Consumer Confidence was at 88.6...so there's been quite a decline during 2008.

Also adding to the movement in the markets last week, the Securities and Exchange Commission recommended against suspending FASB 157, otherwise known as fair-value accounting rules or "mark to market". These rules led to the failure of many financial institutions that really weren't in bad shape, but simply made them appear to be overleveraged as they were forced to value their assets against distressed institutions selling at steep discounts. This announcement was not a surprise, as it wasn't expected that they would completely eliminate the rule and go back to the days of Enron-style accounting and valuation systems which lacked transparency. For now, the SEC is instead suggesting "improvements" to deal with illiquid markets and reducing the number of models used to measure impaired assets...but the details of those "improvements" are yet unknown.

Rest assured that as 2009 kicks into full gear, I will be watching closely and keeping you updated as to all the latest financial news stories, market action, and home loan rate developments. Because windows of opportunity can be fleeting, please call me to look over your own financial situation so that we are ready to act on your behalf.

Mortgage Market Guide